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Adiposity, HYPERinsulinemia, diabetes and Alzheime...[Eur J Pharmacol. 2008] - PubMed Result
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 May 6;585(1):119-29. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
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Adiposity, HYPERinsulinemia, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease: an epidemiological perspective.
Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. jal94@columbia.edu
The objective of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of the epidemiologic evidence linking the continuum of adiposity, HYPERinsulinemia, and diabetes with Alzheimer's disease.
The mechanisms for these associations ALLEGEDLY remain to be elucidated, but may include direct actions from insulin, advanced products of glycosilation, cerebrovascular disease, and products of adipose tissue metabolism.
Elevated adiposity in middle age is related to a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease.
The evidence relating adiposity in old age to Alzheimer's disease is conflicting.
Several studies have shown that HYPERinsulinemia [AKA POTENTIAL TRANSIENT RELATIVE HYPO-GLYCEMIA DISTRESS], a consequence of higher adiposity and insulin resistance, is also related to a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease.
- HYPERinsulinemia is a risk factor for diabetes, and numerous studies have shown a relation of diabetes with higher Alzheimer's disease risk.
- Most studies fail the take into account the continuum linking these risk factors which may result in underestimation of their importance in Alzheimer's disease.
- The implication of these associations is that a large proportion of the world population may be at increased risk of Alzheimer's disease given the trends for increasing prevalence of overweight, obesity, HYPERinsulinemia [RELATIVE HYPO-GLYCEMIA DISTRESS AKA FUEL-ANEMIA] and diabetes.
- However, if proven causal, these associations also present a unique opportunity for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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- Curr Alzheimer Res. 2007 Apr;4(2):127-34.
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Adiposity and Alzheimer's disease.
Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. jal94@columbia.edu
The objective of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of the relation between adiposity and Alzheimer's disease (AD), its potential mechanisms, and issues in its study.
Adiposity represents the body fat tissue content.
When the degree of adiposity increases it can be defined as being overweight or obese by measures such as the body mass index. Being overweight or obese is a cause of HYPERinsulinemia and diabetes, both of which are risk factors for AD.
However, the epidemiologic evidence linking the degree of adiposity and AD is conflicting.
Traditional adiposity measures such as body mass index have decreased validity in the Elderly.
Increased adiposity in early or middle adult life leads to HYPERinsulinemia [AKA POTENTIAL TRANSIENT RELATIVE HYPO-GLYCEMIA DISTRESS] which may lead to diabetes later in life.
Thus, the timing of ascertainment of adiposity and its related factors is critical in understanding how it might fit into the pathogenesis of AD.
We believe that the most plausible mechanism relating adiposity to AD is HYPERinsulinemia [AKA POTENTIAL TRANSIENT RELATIVE HYPO-GLYCEMIA DISTRESS], but it is unclear whether specific products of adipose tissue also have a role.
Being overweight or obese is increasing in Children and Adults, thus understanding the association between adiposity, HYPERinsulinemia [AKA POTENTIAL TRANSIENT RELATIVE HYPO-GLYCEMIA DISTRESS] and AD has important Public health implications.
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